SECGM6: Secure and Efficient Cluster-Based Group Mobility for Ipv6 Over Low Power Wireless Personal Area Networks

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoTs) is the new complex network that is connecting billions of smart devices and enabling access to information in ubiquitous networks. The worldwide adoption of wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Zigbee has improved IoT infrastructure's scalability and has massively increased the number of connected devices. The number of IoT devices worldwide are predicted to reach more than 25.4 billion in 2030. IPv6 over Low Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) is utilized to connect low powered sensor nodes and small Internet of Things (IoTs) devices with the internet using the IPv6 protocol. 6LoWPAN has improved the scalability of IoT devices and allows mobile nodes to send packets to IEEE 802.15.4 and other networks. Mobility is a vital factor in mobile core networks as it is liable for providing nonstop correspondence. 6LoWPAN permits nodes with restricted battery life and storage to convey IPv6 datagrams over the lossy and error inclined radio connections presented by the data link layer of IEEE 802.15.4 which depends on AES (Advanced Encryption Standard). However, the 6LoWPAN has excluded the security and protection conditions at higher layers. Therefore, from security perspectives, 6LoWPAN is vulnerable to various attacks such as replay, Man in-the-Middle, Impersonation, and Modification attacks. Several schemes of mobility management have been suggested for handling the registration and handover procedures in 6LoWPAN for resource constrained sensor nodes. Presently, a centralized mobile core network framework was executed; which has specific impediments. Distributed mobility management (DMM) is frequently seen as an answer to the issues related with centralized mobility management (CMM). However, these schemes are insecure and also have performance constraints, such as increased transmission cost, signaling overhead, registration, and handover latency. To address these issues, we propose a novel cluster-based group mobility scheme (SECGM6) for 6LoWPAN. The main objective of SECGM6 is to provide efficient and authentic communication among the 6LoWPAN nodes. In order to enhance efficiency and reduce the signaling cost in the SECGM6 scheme, we propose to combine the functions of Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) server and Local Mobility Anchor (LMA) in proposed new entity AMAG6 (AAA + MAG for 6LoWPAN). AMAG6 acts as a cluster head and exchanges information directly with its neighboring AMAG6 during the mobility. Our proposed scheme SECGM6 ensure the low signaling overhead by introducing lightweight and efficient registration, authentication, and handover procedures, when a sensor node or group ofsensor nodes join or leave a cluster. This thesis presents a comprehensive analysis of state-of-the-art protocols pertaining to 6LoWPAN networks. Authentic and quality sources published in earlier decades were considered to achieve this objective. Next, an efficient and secure cluster-based protocol is developed to secure the transmission and ameliorate the existing mobility management issues within 6LoWPAN networks, to manage latencies required during the handover process to reduce delays, and to overcome the signaling overhead and costs in 6LoWPAN networks. This research also addresses the grueling issue of security as well. SECGM6 is based on lightweight cryptographic algorithms such as random numbers and hash function to provide the secure authentication to highly constrained mobile nodes in 6LoWPAN. Our scheme’s security analysis shows that the initiated approach protects against various security attacks, including Identity Confidentiality, Modification, Replay, Man-in-the-middle, and Impersonation attack. Finally, we performed analytical modeling and simulations of our proposed scheme (SECGM6) to model the different parameters like handover latency, registration delay, signaling cost, packet delivery cost, binding update cost and total cost. The results show that SECGM6 has reduced the handoff latency by 32%, registration delay by 11% and transmission cost by 37% compared to the state-of-the-art mobility management schemes.