The Development of Functional Nano Composite Catalyst for Water Splitting

Abstract

This work describes the research to be carried out on the electrochemical water splitting using nanocomposites metal oxides explore the mechanisms for overcoming the poor efficiency, stability & durability of transition metal oxides in water-splitting as they are not fully understood new composites based electrocatalysts for the H2 & O2 evolution reaction (HER & OER). The chemical method adapted to synthesize nanocomposites metal oxide then their structural composition characterization has carried out. Then water splitting has been evaluated with an optimum ratio of metal oxide in the nanocomposite & the developed with optimum thickness of composite material to investigate the catalytic activity at the quantum level which can lead to efficient, stable & durable nonprecious materials electrocatalysts for full water-splitting in basic electrolyte. The ability of metal oxides due to steric effect & electrostatic effect result in their poor efficiency, stability, & durability in water-splitting. Likewise, the Co, Ni, Cu & alloys have experienced some critical issues such as stability over a long time, mechanical stress caused by the volumetric change during the redox reactions. Furthermore, the combined ionic & electronic conductivity of metal oxides (Co, Ni & Cu) also greatly facilitate the charge transfer in the nanocomposites during water-splitting, thus favorable water splitting is expected. These functional nano composite materials will open a new horizon of research in the energy sector especially the fuel cell technology will be greatly benefited from them. The aims of this work are to provide the nonprecious catalysts for water splitting in alkaline media. As described in the of the field, the metal oxides are the important class of materials and have a great potential to harvest water splitting into renewable energy. We have synthesis of Co, Ni, Cu & alloys of transition metal, their characterization & diverse applications that will help me to lead the work successfully. In this water splitting, physical methods have been used to produce homogenous ink of metal oxide & optimum ratio of metal oxides has been adjusted & to realize highly stable & durable catalysts it will be fabricate in such a way that the potential window of both redox reactions will show negligible or zero influence on the change of chemical composition of V nanocomposites. The electrochemical water splitting focused on the structural & composition characterization of as prepared nanocomposites through various analytical techniques. As indicated in the preliminary results, the electrochemical water splitting on the optimized conducting metal oxide protocol will further investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to understand the kinetics of water splitting at the onset potential of HER & OER. EIS results related to the water splitting mechanism has been discussed according to the electrochemistry as the water splitting mechanism on nonprecious catalysts is not well understood in the literature. Further the stability & durability of the optimized metal oxides architecture have been demonstrated & addressing issues lead to ways on the design of efficient, stable, & durable electrocatalysts. This emerging technology is new, & the way project methodology is designed ensures the success of this kind of electrochemical water splitting composites material boost up the hydrogen & oxygen industries. To obtain the alternative sources for electricity production at low cost thus the water splitting devices are the main growing pillars using novel and scale up production methodologies or using new concepts based on earth abundant materials & cost-effective fabrication methods. The investigation of new functional nanomaterials for renewable energy sources is one of the top fields highly benefiting from the excellent properties of metal oxides. The metal oxides are extensively used in various applications such as electrochemical water splitting, fabrication technology is facile and very much suitable to industry point of view and materials used are stable, environment friendly and it is mainly focused on the improvement on the efficiency of this kind of water splitting and various scientific and logical strategies are described for the improvement of efficiency methodology part to bring all oxide-based composites material for the water splitting in the market for commercialization.